Cutting-Edge Approaches to Mitigate the National Agro-Digital Deficit Towards Angola 2050

Food insecurity in Angola has been increasing since 2013, with an exponential trend since 2017. Such observations are partially explained by low agricultural productivity and high production costs. Angolan population is expected to double by 2050, which also challenges us for innovative solutions to answer to basic human needs, such as food. In this context, we have prototyped a digital platform for intelligent management of agricultural fields, leveraging off-the-shelf cutting-edge technologies for Internet of Things (IoT), namely ESP32, DHT22 sensor, LoRaWan, and FIWARE middleware. Our literature review followed PRISMA recommendations and was complemented by consultations with agriculture scholars to identify elementary environmental parameters for agri-productivity. We have assessed the proposed platform in both simulative and experimental ways. The communication infrastructure for our prototype registered an average data transmission rate of 5kb/s, with 100% delivery and an average latency of 60 seconds, thus ensuring real-time visualization. The maximum transmission distance was over 5 km, with a cost per sensing module (temperature and humidity) under $50. These results confirm the feasibility of a low-cost and robust infrastructure to mitigate the agro-digital deficit in Angola. Future challenges include implementation in real environments to optimize precision management, crucial for national food security and any business use-case that can be supported by IoT. Keywords: Smart Agriculture, LoRa/LoRaWAN, FIWARE, IoT, Angola 2050.