Diabetic dyslipidemia prevalence and its Predictors among People with Diabetes in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Dyslipidemiais an imbalance of lipid profiles. In Ethiopia, around 2% to 6.5% of the populations live with diabetes, but their lipid profiles are inconsistent in terms of prevalence of dyslipidemia and its predictors across the studies. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of diabetic dyslipidemia and its predictors among people with diabetes in Ethiopia. Method: The searches were carried out in Medline via PubMed and OVID, EMBSCO, Embase, Google, and Google Scholar. The articles screened by title, abstract, and full-text. The qualities of the eligible studies were checked by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The heterogeneity was detected by, Cochrane Q statistic test and the I-squared (I2) test. Then subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were used to identify the source of the variations. A random or fixed-effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the overall pooled prevalence and average effects. The publication bias was assessed by the funnel plot asymmetry test and/or Begg and Mazumdar’s test for rank correlation (p-value <0.05). The protocol has been PROSPERO with reference number: CRD42023441572. Result: A total of 14 articles with 3662participants were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of diabetic dyslipidemia in Ethiopia was found to be 65.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 57.5, 73.9), I2= 97%, p-value<0.001. Being female (adjusted odds ratio ((AOR): 3.9, 95%CI: 1.5, 10.1)), physical inactivity (AOR: 2.6, 95%CI: 1.5, 4.3), and uncontrolled blood glucose (AOR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.9, 9.4) were found to be the determinants of dyslipidemia among diabetic patients. Conclusion: This review revealed that the prevalence of diabetic dyslipidemia is high among people with diabetes in Ethiopia. Being female, having physical inactivity, and having uncontrolled blood glucose were found to be predictors of dyslipidemia among people with diabetes. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, lipid profile abnormality, Ethiopia.