Evaluating the Level of Renal Dysfunction and its Predictors among Adult Cardiovascular Patients, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Background: Renal dysfunction has become a significant public health concern and often manifests as a serious complication in patients with cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and underlying causes of renal dysfunction. Methods: Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 302 adult cardiovascular disease patients and controls at Tibebe Gihon Comprehensive Specialized & Teaching Hospital in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, from June to September 2024. Five milliliters of venous blood were collected for biochemical analysis, and 10 milliliters random urine were collected to determine albuminuria & analyzed by Dimension RxL 200 analyzer. Renal dysfunction was assessed using the estimated glomerular filtration rate by MDRD equation. Binary and multiple logistic regressions using 95% CI were used with p < 0.05 as significant. Results: Participants showed a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate in CVD (77.13 vs. 96.3 mL/min/1.73 m²). The overall prevalence of renal dysfunction was 20.2% and 31.3% for CVD patients. The overall prevalence of positive urinary albumin (UALB) was 39.4% and 61.3% for cardiovascular patients. Individuals with positive UALB results in CVD have an increased likelihood of developing renal dysfunction by about 6.07 times more than negative results. Conclusion: Renal dysfunction was high among cardiovascular disease patients. Keywords: Renal dysfunction, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, glomerular filtration Rate