Diversity and Valorization of Fruit Tree in Guinea Savannah Agrosystems of Adamawa, Cameroun Republic

Agrosystems combines a variety of forms of production that generate socio-economic benefits and environmental services. They are facing challenges in terms of improving people's living conditions and preserving biological diversity. The aim of this study was to characterize the agrosystems of the Adamawa region. About 101 farmers were interview. Floristic inventories were then carried out in plantations. A total of 104 agrosystems with areas ranging from 1 to over 100 ha were identified. Agrosystems less than 20 ha were the most common, while those of 100 ha or more were poorly represented. Two types of agrosystems were identified: monospecific (Citrus sinensis, Anacardium occidentale, Elaies guinnensis, Persea americana, Musa balbisiana, Coffea arabica, Theobroma cacao) and multispecific with a diversity of fruit species including Dacryodes edulis and Psidium guajava. A total of 17 fruit species grouped into 11 families and 14 genera were inventoried. Mangifera indica (68.38%) and Persea americana (52.24%) ranked first. Raphia sp. and Terminalia glaucescens are among the local species found in these orchards. Zea mays and Manihot esculentus are dominant crops. Fruit trees play an important role in the food, medicinal, socio-cultural and economic life of households. They also help to mitigate the effects of climate change. Keywords: Agrosystem, fruit trees, local species, Cameroon.