Stakeholders’ Synergy in Competency-Based Training for Vocational Education and Training: A Case Study of Carpentry and Masonry in Tanzania

The study where this article is based examined the synergy of key stakeholders in competency-based training being guided by stakeholders’ theory, consensus theory and competency-based learning process model at vocational education and training institutions (VETIs). Qualitative exploratory design was employed to collect data from 42 respondents, including 22 trainers from 4 VETIs and 20 employers from 8 construction companies who were purposively selected as key stakeholders because they are key stakeholders in competency-based training at VETIs. Semi-structured interviews and documentary reviews were used to collect data. Content analysis with the help of MAXQDA 2020 qualitative data analysis software was used to transcribe data into direct quotations, tables and figures. Findings revealed that trainers and employers were involved in curriculum development either directly or indirectly at the planning stage. However, trainers and employers were unsure if the suggestions were taken into consideration due to bureaucratic procedures in submitting their concerns. Therefore, it was suggested that there should be an open dialogue between VETIs and employers on what should be included in the curriculum as input for the teaching and learning process to meet the demands of the labour market. Keywords: stakeholders; vocational education and training; curriculum; competency-based education and training; collaboration;